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Algebra · Formulae & rearranging

Chapter 1 · 3

The idea

Substituting into formulae

Why substitution is "replace the letter, keep the structure", why negatives must go in with brackets, and why the order of operations still rules once the numbers are in.

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Algebra · Formulae & rearranging

Substituting into formulae

Why substitution is "replace the letter, keep the structure", why negatives must go in with brackets, and why the order of operations still rules once the numbers are in.

Why it works

Numbers into slots, brackets round them

Substitution may be the most-used skill in the whole course — every formula in maths and science eventually lands here — and its errors are always the same two. A formula is a machine: letters mark the slots where numbers go. To substitute is to replace each letter with its number — brackets round it — and then evaluate with the usual order of operations. Every substitution error is a failure of one of those two clauses.

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