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Algebra · Algebraic manipulation

Chapter 1 · 4

The idea

Factorising with common factors

Why factorising is expansion run backwards, what "factorise fully" demands, and why a difference of two squares splits instantly — plus what the factorised form is actually FOR.

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Algebra · Algebraic manipulation

Factorising with common factors

Why factorising is expansion run backwards, what "factorise fully" demands, and why a difference of two squares splits instantly — plus what the factorised form is actually FOR.

Why it works

Expanding, run backwards

Factorising turns up in nearly every algebra question the exam asks — solving, simplifying fractions, proof — because factorising is expanding in reverse: rewriting a sum as a product. 6x+156x + 15: both terms are divisible by 3, so pull the 3 out front and record what's left inside: 3(2x+5)3(2x + 5). Expanding the answer must recreate the original — that check is free and catches nearly every slip.

"Fully" means the HIGHEST common factor

"Factorise fully" means the HIGHEST common factor comes out — the biggest number that divides every coefficient, and each shared letter at its lowest power:

12x2y−18xy2=6xy(2x−3y)12x^2y - 18xy^2 = 6xy(2x - 3y)

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