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Algebra · Algebraic manipulation

Chapter 1 · 3

The idea

Expanding brackets

Why a multiplier reaches every term inside a bracket, why double brackets need every-with-every (and where the middle term of a square comes from), and how three brackets fall to the same rule two at a time.

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Algebra · Algebraic manipulation

Expanding brackets

Why a multiplier reaches every term inside a bracket, why double brackets need every-with-every (and where the middle term of a square comes from), and how three brackets fall to the same rule two at a time.

Why it works

A bracket is a package

Expanding is the most-used move in all of algebra — solving, factorising, proof and calculus all lean on it, so a slip here echoes everywhere. The one idea: a bracket is a package; multiplying the package multiplies everything in it. 5(2x−3)5(2x - 3) means five copies of the whole of 2x−32x - 3, so it must be 10x−1510x - 15 — five copies of 2x2x AND five copies of −3-3. Stopping halfway (10x−310x - 3) means four of your five packages lost their −3-3. Picture a rectangle 55 tall and 2x−32x - 3 wide: its area splits into a 10x10x piece and a −15-15 piece.

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The rest of the explanation, plus 2 worked examples you step through move by move.

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