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Pure · Coordinate geometry

Chapter 1 · 4

The idea

Parametric curves

Defining a curve by parametric equations x = f(t), y = g(t), finding the coordinates of points on the curve, finding the parameter value at a given point, and reading off the range of x- and y-values from the domain of t.

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Pure · Coordinate geometry

Parametric curves

Defining a curve by parametric equations x = f(t), y = g(t), finding the coordinates of points on the curve, finding the parameter value at a given point, and reading off the range of x- and y-values from the domain of t.

Why it works

A third variable draws the curve

So far every curve has been a single equation linking xx and yy directly — a Cartesian equation like y=x2y = x^2. A parametric equation describes the same sort of curve a different way: both coordinates are given separately, each as a function of a third variable called the parameter, usually tt: x=f(t),y=g(t).x = f(t), \qquad y = g(t).

Think of t as time

At each instant tt the two formulas hand you an xx-coordinate and a yy-coordinate, so they hand you a point. Let tt run through its values and the moving point traces out the curve — exactly how you would describe the path of a thrown ball, which is why parametric equations are the natural language for motion.

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