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Number · Integers, powers & roots

Chapter 1 · 3

The idea

Long multiplication, division and calculator skills

Why long multiplication and division work, so you can do them by hand without losing a place value; what a remainder means in a real question; multiplying and dividing decimals; getting new answers from a fact you are given; and keying a calculation in so the calculator does what the question means, then reading its display.

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Number · Integers, powers & roots

Long multiplication, division and calculator skills

Why long multiplication and division work, so you can do them by hand without losing a place value; what a remainder means in a real question; multiplying and dividing decimals; getting new answers from a fact you are given; and keying a calculation in so the calculator does what the question means, then reading its display.

Why it works

Long multiplication: four pieces

The Year 10 stall at the school fair sells biscuits and lemonade, and every sum on this page comes from it. The stall orders 2727 boxes of 3636 biscuits. How many biscuits is that?

27×3627 \times 36 is too big to know by heart, so split both numbers into tens and units: 27=20+727 = 20 + 7 and 36=30+636 = 30 + 6. Picture a rectangle 2727 by 3636, cut into four pieces. Each piece is a fact you know:30620760012021042Add them: 600+120+210+42=972600 + 120 + 210 + 42 = 972 biscuits. This is the grid method: two parts times two parts makes four pieces. Tens times tens plus units times units, 600+42600 + 42, misses two of them.

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